We alter cells all the time. Biologists introduce drugs and chemicals to break or fix parts of the cell. One of the biggest areas of medicine at the moment is how to introduce things into certain parts of the cell to affect the function.
Yes, we do already! And we can create cell walls. Cell walls are amazing things when you look at them closely – they are very good at filtering out what’s not good and letting good things come into the cell. This is really complex, but we can make these things, although life is heaps better at it than us – it’s had 4.5 billions years of practice 🙂 There is a difference between cell walls and cell membranes, and they do slightly different things, but they both limit what is inside a cell and what isn’t – which is very important.
check out http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_wall
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