Question: Do magnets work in space? And if you were to tie a magnet parallel to a piece of metal, would there be constant force between the two which would make them start to move even from a still position and accelerate forever?
Yes, magnetic fields can have effects in space (Earth’s magnetic field protects us from quite a lot of the solar wind, for example).
As for your idea – I’m sure that if you moved a magnet in space, you could pull along something that is magnetic; but you can’t get something for nothing – so to keep the metal bar moving (rather than sticking to the magnet) you need something else to move the magnet.
Magnets do work in space because their atoms are still arranged internally to attract metal. Their magnetic qualities have nothing to do with being on Earth. I’m not sure I understand your second question.
You mean like a “magnetic planet”? I don’t know. Magnetism certainly works in space, but in your setup it would depend on a lot of other things. For instance, once the acceleration gets strong enough, I would expect the connection between the two parts to break. Also, it would certainly not go on forever, just like planetary motion does not go on forever.
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