It’s not my area of expertise, but the little I know on the subject is that gravitational lensing can massively change our view of distant Earth-objects. They act like magnifying glasses and can be used to study distant galaxies, which otherwise would be impossible to see.
Gravitational lensing perturbs our view of the distant Universe and so it affects our physical understanding of various classes of extragalactic objects.
One way to think of this is that this effect is very similar to what happen when we look at distant Earth-objects and scientists refer to this as atmospheric lensing. This effect is due to the fact that there are refractive index variations in the air layers just above the ground. This results in deforming our view of distant Earth-objects similarly to gravitational lensing.
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