Hello, work by Albert Einstein and Arthur Eddington allowed a German-American scientist named Hans Bethe to provide detailed calculations for the reaction that powers stars. This reaction is what we know as nuclear fusion and is the same fusion calculation we use to power nuclear stations.
I don’t know about fusion (apparently one of the other scientists does though, so you’re in luck). But Lise Meitner escaped Nazi Germany and came up with the science behind nuclear fission. She’s one of my favourite scientists and people often haven’t heard of her.
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