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Asked by matthews to Arthur, Clare, Daniel, David, Tora on 13 Nov 2014.
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Clare Harding answered on 13 Nov 2014:
Well, the easiest way to tell is that the solid sugar disappears into the liquid!
For sugar in water, the most you can dissolve would be about 100g in 50ml of water while for salt you can dissolve only 18g in 50ml. This is because of the different chemical properties of the sugar molecules and salt ions.
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Daniel Parsons answered on 13 Nov 2014:
As sugar dissolves it disappears. Sugar is made of large molecules called sucrose – this have carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in it. There are areas on a sucrose molecule where oxygen is bonded to hydrogen (O–H bond), the oxygen is slightly negative and the hydrogen is slightly positive. This makes sucrose a polar molecule. The water molecules attract the negative and positive areas on the sucrose molecules which makes the molecules of sucrose pull apart from one another and therefore dissolve in water. As Clare says the most you can dissolve is about 100g after that the water molecules can not break up any-more sucrose molecules.
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Arthur Dyer answered on 14 Nov 2014:
If you want to be 100% sure you can take the water that you’ve dissolved the sugar in and run it through a machine called a mass spectrometer. This looks at what atoms are in a sample that you put through it and you’ll see that the water has hydrogen and oxygen (H2O) from the water and a bunch of carbons from the sugar! but that’s just being very sciencey… watching it dissolve is easier!
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