A good question. I guess it depends what you mean by language. Animals certainly communicate with each other by sound, sight, smell and in other ways I probably can’t think of. I think however that no animal has the complexity or detail of our language to communicate with.
THis is a really fascinating topic. Language as we know it seems to be unique to humans. Some people have taught chimpanzees and gorillas sign language, but they can only use it much more simply that humans.
I agree with Steven that it is hard to tell where just communication noises start and where language begins. One important part in language is the existence of sentence rules (verbs and nouns being put together to form a meaningful sentence) – I don’t think any other animal has evolved this (although perhaps toothed whales like dolphins could be an exception?).
All very good answers. I have answered something similar question also:
I’m assuming it would have started as something quite simple like grunts and then as our brains grew and we became more intelligent we developed different sounds and different ways of arranging sounds – what we now call words.
The others have dealt with this. I would add that the change in language over time (for example Latin turning into French and Italian) is something that is often studied using evolutionary ideas.
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