By cleaning your environment and washing your hands, making sure healthcare equipment and environment is properly cleaned/sterile. By catching sneezes etc. in tissues and then throwing them away. Also by having proper discard procedures for potentially infected material (eg body fluids etc. in the lab/hospital)
Very good question! by putting barrier(s) between different modes of infectious diseases transmission, such as direct contacts, indirect contacts mediated by air, water, soil and biological or mechanical vectors. Good hand washing technique is important in this context. good social practice in maintaining hygiene should be followed.
The best way to prevent infection is to wash your hands! It is also important to try to have a clean environment. Although, believe it or not, children who grow up on farms have the best immunity. Those who live in a sterile environment are more prone to things like asthma. So there is definitely a balance to be had.
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