The itch is a signal to scratch the scab, if the wound has healed the scab will fall off, leaving the new skin. If not the scratching stimulates the Mast cells in the skin to release histamines, reddening the skin as the blood vessels dilate. This increased blood supply drives the skin cells to grow and fill in the wound some more.
But scratching so hard as to break the scab can cause fresh wounding and even lead to scarring, so the old adage of “don’t keep scratching it” has some real wisdom.
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