Every effort is made to minimise any hurt to animals during animal testing although it can’t always be avoided. Testing on animals is only done when absolutely necessary and there is a good reason to do it. That’s why cosmetics are no longer tested on animals. There is quite a big difference between discovering a new medicine on a lab bench, to giving it to a patient and testing on animals allows us to have an intermediate step before testing on humans to try and ensure that it is safe enough to test on humans. We don’t know how new medicines will react in the complex system that is your body until we try it out.
Unfortunately, animal testing is a vital part of drug discovery. We need to ensure drugs are effective and safe before giving them to people. Like Lynne pointed out, it is only done when necessary and is not allowed to be done for cosmetics. The laws are very strict in how the animals are treated and ensure the animals suffer absolutely minimal discomfort.
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